Definition:
Actor in an event who initiates and carries out the event intentionally or consciously, and who exists independently of the event.
Example:
THEY decided to go.
Agent
[
+int_control
]
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
Definition:
Undergoer in an event that is manipulated by an agent, and with which an intentional act is performed; it exists independently of the event. For all roles containing symmetrical participants, we assume that the ordering is non-arbitrary and may be pragmatically determined and/or related to figure-ground considerations; however, the usefulness of this distinction may be application-specific.
Example:
Jennifer baked the potatoes IN THE OVEN.
Instrument
Definition:
Goal that comes into existence through the event.
Example:
He strangled his victims TO DEATH.
Result