Definition:
Actor in an event who initiates and carries out the event intentionally or consciously, and who exists independently of the event.
Example:
THEY decided to go.
Agent
VERB
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
Definition:
Goal that comes into existence through the event.
Example:
He strangled his victims TO DEATH.
Result
Selectional Restrictions:
None
{ with }
Definition:
Undergoer in an event that is manipulated by an agent, and with which an intentional act is performed; it exists independently of the event. For all roles containing symmetrical participants, we assume that the ordering is non-arbitrary and may be pragmatically determined and/or related to figure-ground considerations; however, the usefulness of this distinction may be application-specific.
Example:
Jennifer baked the potatoes IN THE OVEN.
Instrument
Definition:
An Patient or Co-Patient's wholeness is broken down.
Arguments:
result(E), Undergoer
¬
degradation_material_integrity(
e1
,
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
)
¬
has_physical_form(
e1
,
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
,
V_Final_State
)
Definition:
Two participants come into physical contact.
Arguments:
during(E) OR end(E), Participant, Participant
contact(
e2
,
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
,
Definition:
Undergoer in an event that is manipulated by an agent, and with which an intentional act is performed; it exists independently of the event. For all roles containing symmetrical participants, we assume that the ordering is non-arbitrary and may be pragmatically determined and/or related to figure-ground considerations; however, the usefulness of this distinction may be application-specific.
Example:
Jennifer baked the potatoes IN THE OVEN.
Instrument
)
Definition:
A participant engages in an action.
Arguments:
during(E), Agent OR Patient, Predicate OR Result OR Theme
do(
e2
,
Definition:
Actor in an event who initiates and carries out the event intentionally or consciously, and who exists independently of the event.
Example:
THEY decided to go.
Agent
)
Definition:
An Agent uses a Theme or Instrument
Arguments:
during(E), Agent, Instrument OR Theme, (Predicate)
utilize(
e2
,
Definition:
Actor in an event who initiates and carries out the event intentionally or consciously, and who exists independently of the event.
Example:
THEY decided to go.
Agent
,
Definition:
Undergoer in an event that is manipulated by an agent, and with which an intentional act is performed; it exists independently of the event. For all roles containing symmetrical participants, we assume that the ordering is non-arbitrary and may be pragmatically determined and/or related to figure-ground considerations; however, the usefulness of this distinction may be application-specific.
Example:
Jennifer baked the potatoes IN THE OVEN.
Instrument
)
Definition:
An Patient or Co-Patient's wholeness is broken down.
Arguments:
result(E), Undergoer
degradation_material_integrity(
e3
,
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
)
has_physical_form(
e3
,
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
,
V_Final_State
)
has_state(
e3
,
Definition:
An Undergoer in an event that is usually structurally changed, for instance by experiencing a change of state or condition; is often acted upon by an agent; is causally involved or directly affected by other participants; and exists independently of the event.
Example:
Brutus murdered JULIUS CAESAR.
Patient
,
Definition:
Goal that comes into existence through the event.
Example:
He strangled his victims TO DEATH.
Result
)
Definition:
An Affector (Agent, Cause, Stimulus, or Precondition) causes an event.
Arguments:
Affector, E
cause(
e2
,
e3
)